Two items printed by inmates belonging to the Etzel (Irgun Tzva'i Le'umi) and Lehi interned at the Gilgil Detention Camp, Kenya. 1947 and 1948. Hebrew. 1. "Sefer HaMa’atzar VeHaGalut…" ["The Book of the Internment and the Exile (Three Years since the Beginning of Our Exile)"]. "Jewish Detainees' Camp in the Exile, Gilgil, Kenya, 2nd of Heshvan, 5708" [October 1947]. At top of title page (Hebrew): "Badad [Alone] – Journal of Thought and Literature." A thick book, mimeographed typescript, with illustrations, diagrams, tables, musical scores, and maps. A highly comprehensive record of the three years spent by the deportees of the Etzel and Lehi in detention camps in Africa. The present copy of the book has an "Appendix": a dozen (mimeographed) pages printed after the book itself was completed, containing sequels to stories of the deportees, extending to July 1948, when the deportees were finally sent home to the newborn State of Israel. The final paragraph states as follows: " After three years and nine months, the end of our exile is arising. We are yet enveloped by the foreign skies of Kenya; the spikes of barbed wire still encompass the compound; but an air of freedom is already penetrating our hearts, and 254 exiles from Zion are making their way back to the motherland, to Israel, to join the ranks of the fighters, to do battle and triumph ." "Sefer HaMa’atzar VeHaGalut…": 321, [4] ff. + [3] photographic plates, 33 cm. Good-fair condition. Foxing (numerous stains to first and last leaves). Minor blemishes to edges. Tears to title page (including one open tear). Binding stained and slightly blemished, partly detached. "Appendix": [12] ff., 33 cm. Good-fair condition. Foxing. Tears to edges. Open tear to last leaf. 2. Program for Purim party at the theater of the Gilgil Detention Camp: "Bamatenu…" ["Our Stage, the Stage of The Exiles of Zion"]. Gilgil, April, 1948. At the end of the program are instructions regarding the proper conduct expected of the audience, issued by the management of "Bamatenu." 7 pp., 20 cm. Good-fair condition. Stains. Fold lines and creases. Leaves detached. Enclosed: "Unchained, the Exiles of Eritrea-Sudan-Kenya" (Hebrew), published by "Lohamei Herut Yisrael", 1968 (two leaves apparently missing); a page from the June 14, 1964 issue of the Israeli daily newspaper "Ma'ariv, " with a news item regarding a meeting between Colonel H.P. Rice – British commandant of the detention camp – and Ya’akov Meridor, one of the inmates who escaped through a tunnel.

Two documents related to the ouster of David Ben-Gurion and the founders of the Rafi Party from the Mapai Party: summons to appear before the party's high court, and copy of the indictment sheet submitted to the court. Tel Aviv, August 1965. 1. Official summons (printed form, filled in handwriting) to appear before the high court of the Mapai Party on August 2, 1965. Summoned to appear: David Ben-Gurion and the six founding members of the Rafi Party, namely Yosef Almogi, Gideon Ben-Yisrael, Amos Degani, Hannah Lamdan, Yizhar Smilansky (S. Izhar), and Shimon Peres. At the bottom of the form is a blank stub – confirmation of attendance – to be filled in and torn off. 1 f., approx. 24 cm (including stub). Good-fair condition. Creases. Blemishes and stains to margins. Open tear to upper right corner (with very minor damage to text). Stub partly detached. 2. Copy of indictment sheet submitted to the court, detailing the violations of the party code of conduct committed by the founders of the Rafi Party, and demanding their ouster from the party. Bearing the printed signature of Nahum Shadmi, Secretary of Mapai's Comptroller's Office. 2 ff. (copy of typewritten document), approx. 32.5 cm. Good-fair condition. Creases. Few stains. Minor blemishes. Open tear to upper right corner. Enclosed: Seven pages of the protocols of the hearing by the court, August 23, 1965; with some handwritten notations and marks.

Some 115 postcards related to the Dreyfus affair. Various publishers, France, Germany, the Netherlands, and Italy [late 19th and early 20th centuries]. Some postcards with undivided backs. The collection includes postcards issued by Dreyfus's supporters, plus a handful representing the anti-Dreyfusards, featuring political cartoons, illustrations, and photographs. Including: portraits of Dreyfus, Emile Zola, Ferdinand Esterhazy, and other figures related to the affair; a number of antisemitic caricatures; "Real-photo" postcards of Dreyfus's exoneration ceremony following his acquittal; and more. Many Dreyfus-related postcards, bearing multiple photographs and illustrations, were printed throughout the Affair, representing various developments in the case. Some postcards sided with Dreyfus, while others were hostile to him. The postcards gradually gained popularity and served as an important propaganda tool. As a whole, they were instrumental in molding public opinion regarding the Affair. Approx. 115 postcards, including duplicates. Approx. 38 postcards were used. Condition varies. Alfred Dreyfus (1859-1935), French Jewish army officer, spuriously convicted of treason. Suspicions of fabricated evidence, false testimonies, and a travesty of justice resulted in an outpouring of protest unprecedented in French history. Over time, the subject came to be known as "the Dreyfus affair." Alfred Dreyfus was born in the city of Mulhouse in the Alsace region of France. At age 11, he witnessed the invasion of his hometown by the German army. The experience had a profound impact upon him, and gave him the determination to enlist as a French soldier, which he did in 1877. Dreyfus was accepted to the officers' training course in Fontainbleu, ascended through the ranks, and, in 1893, became the only Jewish officer to attain membership in the French army's General Staff. Shortly after his entry into the General Staff, the French Secret Service uncovered a torn-up note (which later became known as "the bordereau"), sent clandestinely by a French officer to German forces, disclosing highly classified military documents. The French establishment was quick to point an accusing finger at Dreyfus – again, the sole Jewish officer in the General Staff. Dreyfus was immediately arrested and interrogated harshly, without ever being informed of the exact nature of the charges against him. His interrogators went as far as attempting to persuade him to preserve his honor by committing suicide. Following a hastily expedited court martial procedure conducted behind closed doors, Dreyfus was sentenced to life imprisonment and exile on Devil's Island. At the time of his degradation ceremony, whereupon Dreyfus's army rank was canceled, he cried: "Soldiers, they are canceling the rank of an innocent man. Soldiers, they are humiliating an innocent man. Long live France! Long live its army!" Notwithstanding efforts on the part of the French authorities to cover up Dreyfus's story and keep it out of the public eye, it somehow managed to leak to the newspapers and stir up a major outcry that would tear France into two opposing camps, pro- and anti-Dreyfus. The struggle between the camps was unprecedented in scope, and resulted in the publication of countless articles, posters, postcards, and propaganda sheets, all with the purpose of influencing French public opinion. The climax of the Affair came in January 1898 with the publication of the article entitled "J'Accuse" ["I Accuse"] by Émile Zola, one of France's most celebrated authors. The article was worded as an open letter to the President of the French Republic, and assumed the form of an unmitigated attack on the French establishment, the courts, the army, and dozens of public figures and other "bad actors" who took part in Alfred Dreyfus's incrimination process. Publication of the article caused the Affair to reverberate well beyond France's borders; once it began reaching foreign newspapers, it sparked a wave of protests in Belgium, England, Italy, and the United States, and in a few places, the police were called upon to provide security for French embassies. In response to mounting pressure, French President Émile Loubet decided to grant Dreyfus a full pardon, and on September 19, 1899, the decree was signed. In 1903, following a transfer of power in France, a new investigation was launched of all those involved in the Affair, which exposed all the false testimonies and all the miscarriages of justice. This fresh examination resulted in a statement declaring Dreyfus to be completely innocent. A formal exoneration was granted in 1906; Dreyfus was rehabilitated, reinstated into the ranks of the army, and decorated with the title of "Chevalier of the French Legion of Honor."

Le gens du ‘Bloc' [People of the ‘Bloc'], by the anti-Semitic political cartoonist "Bruno." Booklets 1 and 2 (apparently, no additional booklets were published). Paris: Librairie Antijuive / Librairie Antisemite, 1903 and 1904. French. Two booklets of political cartoons, of the series "Le gens du ‘Bloc, '" propaganda against the left-wing coalition (the so-called "Bloc") that had gained power in the course of the Dreyfus affair, and eventually brought about Dreyfus's full exoneration and rehabilitation. With caricatures of the main characters in the Affair – Alfred Dreyfus, Emile Zola, Jean Jaurès, Prime Minister Emile Combes, cabinet ministers belonging the "Bloc" coalition, and others. One of the cartoons features Theodor Herzl. 1. "Autour du Cabinet – Les gens du ‘Bloc.'" Published by Librairie Antisemite. 1903. With introduction by Édouard Drumont (1844-1917), founder and editor of the anti-Semitic newspaper "La Libre Parole"; and with an antisemitic poem by François Coppée (1842-1908). [13] ff. (including front cover), approx. 37.5X27.5 cm. Back cover missing. Good-fair condition. Stains. Several tears to edges. Small open tears to three last leaves (with minor damage to print). Strip of adhesive tape to length of spine. 2. "Chéquards, Pochards, Mouchards – Les gens du ‘Bloc' (2e Série)." Published by Librairie Antijuive. 1904. With introduction by anti-Semitic author Henri Rochefort (1831-1913). [14] ff. (including cover), approx. 37.5X27.5 cm. Good condition. Minor stains and blemishes. Several tears. Blemishes and tears to edges of cover (one mended with tape). Tear to length of spine; detached leaves. From 1902 to 1905, France was ruled by a coalition of left-wing and centrist parties known as "Le bloc républicain" ("the Republican Bloc") or "Le bloc des gauche" ("the Leftist Bloc"). These were years of relative stability and tranquility for France's Third Republic; progressive legislative reforms were introduced (most notably the law separating church and state), important agreements were signed with Russia and Great Britain, rule over French colonies was solidified, and all this brought about economic prosperity. It was the height of the period referred to in hindsight as "La Belle Epoque" ("the Beautiful Period"). The Dreyfus affair was one of the main issues dealt with by the coalition; its ministers insisted on reopening the case, and set up a commission of inquiry that finally led to Dreyfus's full exoneration. The reexamination of the affair was perceived as a belaboring of the matter, and spurred an arousal and strengthening of France's anti-Semitic right. Anti-Semitic conspiracy theories – alleging that the Republic and its economy were being clandestinely controlled and manipulated by the Jews, the Freemasons, the Protestants, and other foreigners – began to take hold in the French public discourse. The two booklets in question were published on behalf of the "anti-Dreyfusards" at the time when the "Bloc" coalition was in power, and they decry – satirically and grotesquely – the malicious rot that had allegedly pervaded the French democratic system; the disproportionate power amassed by corrupt Jewish tycoons; the scheming plots being woven by the Freemasons; the undermining of French society by the all-powerful conspirator Alfred Dreyfus; the surreptitious influence of the Germans on internal French politics; and all sorts of other classic anti-Semitic and anti-Republican themes.