A dozen metal badges (I.D. badge) from forced labor camps in Hungary [early 1940s]. Inscribed on each badge are a number and "Zs. Musz" (labor man). The Hungarian law obligated those who were not "reliable for military service" to work for the nation. During World War II this law was enforced mainly on Jews, who were employed in hard compulsory works in mines, road paving and in the battle fields. With the German conquest in 1944, the number of working battalions increased and the number of casualties amongst the workers reached 70,000. Size varies, app. 3X4 cm. Good condition.

Adam Herszaft, 5 Akwafort. [No place or date of printing is mentioned, 1930s]. Adam Herszaft (1886-1942) - Jewish-Polish etching-artist, painter and drawer. Studied in Warsaw and Paris. Exhibited in a solo-exhibition in Warsaw (1924, 1936-1938), Lodz (1928) and Katowitc (1935); specialized in landscapes. Was murdered in Treblinka extermination camp. Each of the etchings is signed in pencil by the artist. 13X12 cm to 19X14.5 cm. Original paper folder 32 cm. Fair-good condition. Acid and very dry paper. Stains and tears.

OSE organization - a Jewish world organization for watching the health of Jews and for assisting children. Founded in Russia in 1912; later on OSE societies were founded in various countries and in 1923 an international association was founded, centered in Berlin. In 1933, with the rise of the Nazis to power, the center moved to Paris.
*Ticket with signatures of fourteen OSE members in Paris, November 17, no year mentioned. *Calling card Union Des Sociֳ©tֳ©s O.S.E., Direction Centrale". * Printed envelope, "Union Ose Paris" (on the front - a later version of OSE emblem has been pasted). Size varies, good condition.

Four issues of "HaTzofeh", newspaper of HaMizrahi World Movement, edited by Rabbi Meir Berlin, dealing with the holocaust. November-December 1942; June 1943.
Headlines: "Wake up, save a people led to the gallows, give shelter to sword-refugees!"; "Jewish local authorities join the cry: do not stand on our brothers' blood! Open the gates for sword refugees! Find a radical solution for our people's destiny!"; "Today - a strike and a petition to save Israel"; "The Jewish Yishuv should mourn on this day of strike and petition". Size varies, fair-poor condition. Tears and stains.

Seven leaves containing Semitic names of Jews from city of Vienna who were apprehended in Manchouli and arrived in Harbin, China, April 1941. English.
Typewritten lists, upon stationery of Jewish National Far Eastern Council, Harbin. Includes notation of date of arrival at Harbin, next destination of refugees (main destination was Shanghai or USA), detailing of sum of money possessed by each refugee and specification of stipends granted to each refugee by the Hicem organization (umbrella organization supporting emigrating Jews).
Manchouli was the limit point between Russia and Japan, at which the refugees arrived via the Trans-Siberian railway. Widespread Zionist activity took place in Harbin until the 1930ג€™s, under the Russian rule. Upon the outbreak of World War II a plan was proposed to absorb Jewish refugees from Europe, however the Japanese, who conquered the area during the early 1930ג€™s, restricted the Jews. These lists attest to the fact that Harbin was only a transition point, in spite of the Jewish organizations doing all that was within their power to assist the refugees. [7] leaves, 29.5 cm. Fair condition, one corner of all leaves moth-eaten.